Programming Language and Scripting Language:
| Feature | Programming Language | Scripting Language |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | A formal language used to create standalone software applications. | A subset of programming languages used to automate tasks within other programs. |
| Compilation | Usually compiled into machine code (e.g., C, C++). | Typically interpreted, not compiled (e.g., Python, JavaScript). |
| Speed | Generally faster due to compilation. | Slower due to real-time interpretation. |
| Execution | Can run independently. | Often needs a host (e.g., browser for JavaScript, interpreter for Python). |
| Usage | System programming, application development. | Web development, automation, rapid prototyping. |
| Examples | C, C++, Java, Rust | Python, JavaScript, PHP, Bash, Perl |
| Development Time | Usually longer due to complex syntax and compilation. | Faster due to simpler syntax and dynamic typing. |
| Memory Management | Manual or semi-automatic (e.g., C requires manual). | Mostly automatic (e.g., garbage collected). |
| Error Detection | At compile time (static typing). | At runtime (dynamic typing). |
Summary:
- Programming languages are designed for building complex, high-performance applications.
- Scripting languages are ideal for writing short programs that automate tasks or run inside another environment.